Primary discourse is the everyday, common language used by members of one’s personal community, such as family and close friends. Also, cultural norms and individual experiences frequently influence it. The main topic primarily revolves around the ways in which we naturally express ourselves in our closest communities. Later in life, we acquire secondary discourse, which is more formal and structured forms of communication that are frequently associated with institutional or professional environments like a workplace or classroom. Developing skill in secondary discourse is necessary for effective communication in academic and professional settings. It expands an individual’s frames of reference, which developed during the primary discourse, in terms of values, attitudes, and beliefs, among other things. Within a community, dominant discourses are the common ways of knowledge and communication that hold great power and influence. These conversations frequently reflect popular beliefs, rules, and values, which influence how people perceive and comprehend multiple aspects of their environment. They frequently represent the viewpoints and agendas of those in positions of power and they have the power to set expectations for what is respectable, valid, or acceptable. Discourses that are non dominant have the ability to question existing power structures and provide alternative perspectives on reality. These can come from alternative movements, minority groups, or groups of people, and they can offer insightful opinions and criticisms that are frequently ignored or silenced by mainstream stories. Mushfaking refers to a way of using words in which people follow a discourse without really grasping or comprehending it. Basically, it is portraying oneself as knowledgeable in a certain situation, frequently by copying the basic discourse elements but lacking any deeper understanding or skill.
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